In the Minang’s case the simple but handsome structure which is especially located in front of and adorned with colourful wood carvings often more elaborate than those usually found in the rumah gadang itself. As Rudofsky (1964:5) highlighted in many traditional societies where food is regarded as a divine gift there is a tendency for the architecture of granaries to be solemn. Navis (1986:187) and Syamsidar (1991:52) are of the opinion that the word rangkiang was originally ruang hyang meaning the house of goddess, which in the pre-Islamic era was highly revered as the protector of rice cultivation. These are specially built and located in front of a rumah gadang. Meanwhile, the surau, which every kaum traditionally has, continues to function as place of prayer and for the children to learn about religion, but its use as a dormitory is now diminishing.Īnother building type known as a rangkiang or lumbueng (the two Minang words are used interchangeably) is a granary or rice barn for storing kaum’s rice. After the conversion to Islam, the term surau is eventually understood as a small prayer hall for everyday use, but does not meet the requirement for Friday common prayer as prescribed by the religion.
adolescent house) which during pre-Islamic era had similar functions, but instead of religion it was the place where the youths learnt about adat and useful skills in their everyday life (Syamsul, 1994). It has been postulated that surau is in fact the metamorphosis of rumah bujang (lit.
In addition to houses, each koto has a surau (dormitory-prayer house) a place to impart religious knowledge to youths and provide accommodation for adolescents and widowed male members of the community. Adat stipulates that rumah gadang with four gonjong or more could only be built when several dusun combine or develop into a koto (fortified hamlet) where a panghulu would have to be elected.
great house), that have become the cultural symbol of Minangkabau house may be built, but the number of gonjong was limited to two on account of the non-existence of panghulu. According to Ibenzani (1985:160), in the old days the type of a house to be built depended on the social status of its future occupants.Īt this stage of development, the house type with gonjong (pinnacle, sharp gable end), known as rumah gadang (lit. As the taratak develops into a dusun (hamlet), a variety of permanent houses in the form of tungkuih nasi (rice wrapping), kajang padati (cart roof) and dangau laying-layang (swallow shed) were built. In a taratak, that is the simplest form of settlement, only huts and sheds were to be built, and no rumah gonjong (house with sharp gable end roof) were allowed. The types of building found in various categories of traditional Minangkabau settlements apparently are subject to certain adat practices. Actually there are two other typologies, namely lapau (food stall) and dangau (small huts on the paddy fields), but they are usually excluded from any discussion of traditional architecture, presumably because they are too simple a structure. Syamsidar recorded four types of buildings according to their functions namely rumah tampek tingga (residential house), rumah tampek manyimpan (house of storing), rumah musyawarat (house for meeting) and rumah ibadat (house of worship). The added number of seams also makes hip roofs more prone to leak development, mostly due to poor installation.The different types of buildings that constitute Minangkabau vernacular buildings have been studied by Navis (1986) and Syamsidar (1991). Maintenance: On average, hip roofs require more maintenance than gable roofs.This means that two additional packs of shingles need to be purchased for every 1,250 square feet of living space The same house with a hip roof increases the roof area to 1,540 square feet. A 1,250-square-foot house with a gable roof has a roof area of about 1,460 square feet. Replacement Cost: Once it comes time to replace your roof, a hip roof will be more costly due to its increased number of roofing materials and seams.This is because the more complex design tends to hold snow rather than shed it. Snow Performance: When it comes to areas that see a lot of snow, hip roofs don't perform as well as gable roofs.
While the tilt works well for the placement of panels, some do not have the space.
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